Topics Discussed: crohn's disease; gastroenterology and hepatology; inflammatory bowel disease; juvenile inflammatory bowel disease; ulcerative colitis.
Sections: Epidemiology, Etiology and Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, Treatment and Management, Prognosis and Outcomes, Conclusions, References.
Excerpt:"In a day-to-day practice, general pediatricians are expected
to care for a wide variety of gastrointestinal disorders. Fortunately,
most of the gastrointestinal aliments in childhood are not serious
and self-limiting in nature and do not usually require a referral
to a sub-specialty such as pediatric gastroenterology with few exceptions.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an exception; consultation with
a pediatric gastroenterologist is mandatory for adequate management. Crohn's
disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two most common
chronic IBDs. For decades, CD and UC were considered totally different
entities, since the clinical features, treatment options, and natural
history of these diseases appeared to be quite different. However,
recent developments and findings have made clinicians and scientists
begin to think of IBD as one entity, with a spectrum of findings.
Recent work has, for example, identified CD and UC occurring in
the same families, common susceptibility genes and pathways between
these two entities, and similar responses to emerging therapies
to both conditions. Classic CD is found at one end of the spectrum
and UC at the other, but many patients have features that overlap.
In this chapter, we will try to approach CD and UC as one entity
but differentiate CD from UC whenever necessary...."
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